Census records in Finland are a valuable resource for genealogical research, tracing family histories back to the 18th century. Under Swedish rule, early population records were maintained through church parish registers, which served as de facto censuses. The first official census was conducted in 1749, making Finland one of the earliest countries to systematically collect demographic data.
Subsequent censuses continued under Russian rule (1809–1917) and after independence in 1917. These records document names, ages, birthplaces, occupations, and household details, helping researchers track family lineages, migrations, and societal changes. Combined with Finland’s extensive church records, census data is essential for tracing Finnish ancestry.
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