Cyprus has a rich and tumultuous history, influenced by various civilizations and powers, including the Greeks, Romans, Byzantines, Venetians, Ottomans, and British. This diverse history is reflected in the island’s military records. Modern military records in Cyprus predominantly pertain to the period of British colonial rule (1878-1960), the subsequent years leading to the establishment of the Republic of Cyprus, and the events surrounding the Turkish invasion of 1974.
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British Colonial Period (1878-1960)
During British rule Cyprus had a formal colonial administration, and the British military presence left behind extensive records. The British National Archives in Kew, London, house many of these documents. Researchers can access them through the archives’ online catalog or by visiting in person. Some records may also be available in digital form, making them more accessible to researchers worldwide.
Republic of Cyprus and post-independence era
After gaining independence in 1960 Cyprus established its own military forces, leading to the creation of new military records. The National Guard of Cyprus, the island’s primary military force maintains records of its personnel. Access to these records is typically restricted due to privacy laws, but relatives of deceased individuals can often request information. The Ministry of Defense in Cyprus is the main repository for these records, and inquiries can be made directly to them.
Impact of the 1974 Turkish invasion
The Turkish invasion of Cyprus in 1974[1] led to significant upheaval and displacement. Many records from the affected areas in the north were lost or remain inaccessible. This complicates genealogical research by families from those regions. However, records from the Greek Cypriot National Guard and other military units involved in the conflict are preserved. Researchers can access these through the Military of Defense or the State Archives of Cyprus.
Types of military records available in Cyprus
The types of military records available can vary widely, but they often contain a wealth of information.
- Enlistment Records. These documents provide details on individuals who enlisted in the military, including their name, age, place of birth, occupation, and sometimes physical descriptions.
- Service Records. These are comprehensive records of an individual’s military service, detailing assignments, ranks, promotions, and possibly disciplinary actions or commendations.
- Pension Records. These records can be particularly informative, often including personal information about the veteran and their family members.
- Casualty Lists. These lists provide information on soldiers who were wounded, killed, or went missing in action.
- Medals and Awards. Records of medals and awards can offer insights into the valor and accomplishments of military ancestors.
Challenges in accessing Cypriot military records
- Privacy Laws and Restrictions: Due to privacy concerns, access to recent military records is often restricted. Researchers may need to provide proof of relationship or obtain permission from next of kin to access certain documents.
- Fragmented Records: The historical upheavals in Cyprus, including the division of the island, have led to fragmented and incomplete records.
- Language Barriers: Military records from different periods may be in Greek, Turkish, English, or even Ottoman Turkish.
- Limited Digitalization: While some records have been digitized, any are still only available in physical form.
Explore more about Cypriot military records
References
- ↑ Vincent Morelli (2011). Cyprus: Reunification Proving Elusive. Diane Publishing. p. 1. ISBN 978-1-4379-8040-0. The Greek Cypriots and much of the international community refer to it as an "invasion".